Ney
end-blown reed flute
- Sources
- 44 independent: not from a mic maker
What it is
End-blown reed flute open at both ends, 40 to 80 cm, with five finger holes and a thumb hole (Persian) or six and a thumb hole (Arabic, Turkish). The Persian ney uses an interdental embouchure (rim against the teeth), which is "much louder" than Arabic and Turkish playing in the first register (Rick Wilson, NFA).
Range
more than three octaves for a skilled neyzen; players carry several neys in different keys5,6
Where the sound goes
No source. By analogy with other end-blown flutes the sound comes from the blown end and the open holes (estimate).
About the range
Neys are named by the note with all finger holes open, which sounds a fifth above the lowest note (NFA). A Persian ney has up to four registers, the fourth rarely used. Persian music uses 24 quarter-tones, with koron and sori accidentals. An Arabic or Turkish player owns several keys.
How loud
Sound pressure level measurements as published. Different kinds of figure (a playing level, a peak, a dose at the player's ear) can't be compared with each other, and neither can figures at different distances.
| Player's exposure (dosimeter) | |
|---|---|
| 80.7 dB(A) | at the player's ear (dosimeter microphone 10 cm from the ear); Iranian professional musician (10+ years' experience) in solitary practice, 20-minute session in an acoustic room at Firoozgar hospital audiology department, Tehran; Extech 407727 meter/dosimeter7 |
| 77.09 dB(A) | at the player's ear (dosimeter microphone 10 cm from the ear); Iranian professional musician (10+ years' experience) in solitary practice, 20-minute session in an acoustic room at Firoozgar hospital audiology department, Tehran; Extech 407727 meter/dosimeter7 |
| 52.17–97.03 dB(A) | at the player's ear (dosimeter microphone 10 cm from the ear); Iranian professional musician (10+ years' experience) in solitary practice, 20-minute session in an acoustic room at Firoozgar hospital audiology department, Tehran; Extech 407727 meter/dosimeter7 |
| 48.25–94.53 dB(A) | at the player's ear (dosimeter microphone 10 cm from the ear); Iranian professional musician (10+ years' experience) in solitary practice, 20-minute session in an acoustic room at Firoozgar hospital audiology department, Tehran; Extech 407727 meter/dosimeter7 |
An Iranian study measured a professional ney player practising alone at about 77-81 dB(A) at the ear in a 20-minute session, with readings up to 97 dB(A). Persian ney louder than Arabic or Turkish (NFA).
Recording it
no ney-specific recording source found. Two searches for it returned only generic flute advice (mic above and slightly to one side, off-axis from the blowing end, pop filter if close). Use the shakuhachi and bansuri entries as the nearest evidence, and the Shure bansuri advice for close miking.
Mics
- 7 setups from 4 sources, 4 of them independent of any mic maker.
- On top: the mics more than one source names for this instrument, in any role, the most named first. That is a count of sources, not our verdict.
- In the full list, each mic shows how many sources name it for that role, and how many of those come from a mic maker.
- Shure SM57 2 sourcesClose
All the mics sources name, by setting and role (4)
Studio
Close
- Rode M11 source
- Rode M21 source
- Shure KSM441 source
- Shure SM572 sources
The 7 setups behind this: placement and quotes
- Close Shure SM57close, 15 cm from the başpare (mouthpiece), 45 degrees (chosen; the thesis's only dynamic is the SM57)
Yapılan denemeler sonucunda dinamik mikrofon 45 derece açıyla ve 15 cm uzaklıkta konumlandırıldığında çalgının doğal sesine yakın frekanslar elde edilmiş ve bu konumlandırma tercih edilmiştir
1 - Close ribbon microphone (type not named)close (placement not stated)
Ney kaydı için kullanılması gereken mikrafon türü (Ribbon yada Kardioid-Dinamik) olmalıdır
2 - Close dynamic microphone, cardioid (type not named)close (placement not stated), so only the instrument and not the room is recorded
(Ribbon yada Kardioid-Dinamik) olmalıdır ki sadece enstrümana yönelik bir kayıt olsun
2 - Close Shure KSM44close, 20 cm from the instrument, aimed at the mouthpiece (preferred of three close positions by 10 engineers, 12 of 20 choices)
Mikrofon çalgıdan 20cm uzaklığa, çalgının ağızlığına bakacak şekilde yerleştirilmiştir. Yapılan 20 tercihten 12'si ilk tercihlerinde 2. mikrofonlamayı seçmiştir.
3 - Close Shure SM57 / SM58close (placement not stated), amateur home recording
iyi bir dinamik (shure sm57 ya da sm58) mikrofon işini görebilir ... iyi bir dinamik mikrofon dandik bir 'condenser'dan daha iyidir
4 - Close dynamic microphone, cardioid (type not named)close, placed toward the outlet of the başpare (mouthpiece)
Başparenin çıkışına doğru, cardioid polar patternli bir dinamik mikrofon yerleştirirsen istediğin sonuçları alabilirsin
4 - Close Rode M1 or Rode M2close (placement not stated)
Güzel fiyat/performans oranı düzgün bir dinamik mikrofon olarak Rode M1 ya da çok tercih edilen Shure SM58 ... Condenser mikrofon olarak çok tercih edilen Shure sm57 ya da Rode M2 (poster lists the SM57 as a condenser by mistake)
4
Advised against
- Close Rode K2close, about 15 cm in front of the başpare at 90 degrees, then 25 cm (the thesis's only LDC is the K2)
nefes sesi sorunu ortaya çıkmıştır ve seste boğulma meydana gelmiştir. 15 cm mesafe 25 cm e çıkarıldığında ... ses yine boğuk duyulmuştur
1 - Close AKG C1000Sclose, 15 cm then 25 cm at 90 degrees, then 45 degrees (the thesis's only SDC is the C1000S)
Nefes sesleri sorunu azalmış, ancak çözülememiştir ... 25 cm mesafede ... seste cılızlaşma görülmüştür ... Açı 45 dereceye düşürüldüğünde ... daha net bir ses elde edilmiştir. Ancak sorunu yine çözülememiştir
1 - Close condenser microphone (large-diaphragm)close (placement not stated)
Condenser mikrofon önerisini yanlış buluyorum ... Ney enstrümanı gerek yapısı gerek karakteristlik özelliği açısından buna uygun değildir (blowing noise comes through; poster signs as sound engineer)
2
Sources
- Hakan Mazlum (2011), MSc thesis, Istanbul Technical University: Türk Müziği Enstrümanlarının Tınısal Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi ve Bu Çerçevede Mikrofonlama Tekniği
- Keyfi Müzik forum: Ney Kaydı Yapacağım (thread)
- Ozis, Vergili & Varol (2008), Journal of International Social Research 1(5): Determining artificial reverberation time requirements and microphone technique differences of three Turkish musical instruments in studio recordings
- TurkRock forum (Mar 2013): Ney Kaydı İçin Uygun Ses Kartı ve Mikrofon Ne Olabilir?
- Wikipedia: Ney
- Rick Wilson, The Persian Ney (NFA Global Flutes Committee)
- Med J Islam Repub Iran: An Evaluation of Maximum Safe Practice Time of Iranian Musical Instruments to Protect Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Professionals